The essential oil contents were determined of 10 samples of dry, ripe fruits of Foeniculum vulgare Miller of different origin; the fruits were collected from wild plants or commercial samples. The essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation were analysed by GC–MS; the 16 main constituents of each sample were identified, trans-anethole, estragole, limonene and fenchone being the most abundant. The amounts of trans-anethole and estragole were inversely proportional, so that clear phytochemical differences within the investigated samples were observed.
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Elisabetta Miraldi (1999) studied this question.