The content of cholesterol oxides (COPs) in foods varies between 0.1 and 294.3 mg/g. These oxides are formed by auto-oxidative enzymatic processes promoted by the heat treatment of food and/or to exposition of them to the presence of oxygen and sunlight during storage. Their importance is that they are associated with pathological processes like apoptosis, dyslipidemia and pro-oxidative states, among others. The objective was to evaluate the cytotoxicity, by means MTT assay, of 7-keto cholesterol (7KC), cholestane-triol (Triol), α-epoxy cholesterol (α-epoxy C), β-epoxy cholesterol (β-epoxy C) in differentiated Caco-2 cells at 120μM for 24, 48 and 72h.Triol was the most cytotoxic COP, with a percentage of cell viability among 3.2 to 3.4 at all times studied. The β-epoxy C and 7KC showed similar percentages from 65.4 to 6.9 and 67.4 to 6.5, respectively. The α-epoxy C was the least cytotoxic (83.3 to 48.7% of cell viability).COPs in the study conditions, showed a cytotoxic effect on Caco-2 cells due to disruption of the integrity of mitochondrial function, being the most toxic compound the triol.
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Alfonso-Garcíaía et al. (2014) studied this question.
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