Key result
In patients anticoagulated for atrial fibrillation, body mass index was not independently associated with all-cause mortality, stroke, major bleeding, or major adverse cardiovascular events.
Why the study?
Obesity and AF frequently coexist and independently increase mortality, but the association between obesity and adverse events in anticoagulated AF patients required assessment.
Does obesity or overweight increase the risk of adverse events in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving oral anticoagulants compared to normal body mass index?
Cohort (n=1,956)
Yes
Does obesity or overweight increase the risk of adverse events in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving oral anticoagulants compared to normal body mass index?
p-value: p=0.29 for total mortality, 0.24 for MACE
In patients with atrial fibrillation on oral anticoagulants, obesity is highly prevalent but is not independently associated with a worse prognosis regarding mortality, stroke, or bleeding.
Does not support BMI-based risk stratification in anticoagulated AF; leaves open prospective trials of weight modification on outcomes.
Background Obesity and atrial fibrillation ( AF ) frequently coexist and independently increase mortality. We sought to assess the association between obesity and adverse events in patients receiving oral anticoagulants for AF . Methods and Results Consecutive AF outpatients receiving anticoagulant agents (both vitamin K antagonists and direct oral anticoagulants) were recruited into the FANTASIIA (Atrial fibrillation: influence of the level and type of anticoagulation on the incidence of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke) registry. This observational, multicenter, and prospective registry of AF patients analyzes the quality of anticoagulation, incidence of events, and differences between oral anticoagulant therapies. We analyzed baseline patient characteristics according to body mass index, normal: <25 kg/m 2 , overweight: 25–30 kg/m 2 , and obese: ≥30 kg/m 2 ), assessing all‐cause mortality, stroke, major bleeding and major adverse cardiovascular events (a composite of ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and total mortality) at 3 years’ follow‐up. In this secondary prespecified substudy, the association of weight on prognosis was evaluated. We recruited 1956 patients (56% men, mean age 73.8±9.4 years): 358 (18.3%) had normal body mass index, 871 (44.5%) were overweight, and 727 (37.2%) were obese. Obese patients were younger ( P <0.01) and had more comorbidities. Mean time in the therapeutic range was similar across body mass index categories ( P =0.42). After a median follow‐up of 1070 days, 255 patients died (13%), 45 had a stroke (2.3%), 146 a major bleeding episode (7.5%) and 168 a major adverse cardiovascular event (8.6%). Event rates were similar between groups for total mortality ( P =0.29), stroke ( P =0.90), major bleeding ( P =0.31), and major adverse cardiovascular events ( P =0.24). On multivariate Cox analysis, body mass index was not independently associated with all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, stroke, major bleeding, or major adverse cardiovascular events. Conclusions In this prospective cohort of patients anticoagulated for AF , obesity was highly prevalent and was associated with more comorbidities, but not with poor prognosis.
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Bertomeu‐González et al. (2019) conducted a cohort in Atrial Fibrillation (n=1,956). Body mass index (overweight and obesity) vs. Normal body mass index (<25 kg/m2) was evaluated on All-cause mortality, stroke, major bleeding, and major adverse cardiovascular events (p=0.29 for total mortality, 0.24 for MACE). In patients anticoagulated for atrial fibrillation, body mass index was not independently associated with all-cause mortality, stroke, major bleeding, or major adverse cardiovascular events.
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