Key result
Among 100 pregnant women with cardiac disease, rheumatic heart disease was the most common etiology (56%), and favorable maternal and fetal outcomes were observed predominantly in those with NYHA class I and II.
Observational (n=100)
No
In a developing country setting, rheumatic heart disease remains the predominant cardiac complication in pregnancy, though favorable outcomes are achievable for patients in NYHA class I and II with multidisciplinary care.
Background: About 1-3 % of pregnancies are complicated by heart disease1, 2. Heart disease constitutes the major non-obstetric cause of maternal deaths. Cardiac diseases in pregnancy are broadly classified into congenital and acquired. The acquired group includes rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, ischemic heart disease. Among acquired group, rheumatic heart disease is commonest in developing countries including India. Ischemic heart diseases and cardiomyopathies are common in the developed countries.Aims & Objectives:1. Analyse the outcomes of pregnancies- both maternal and fetal complicated with maternal cardiac diseases.2. To study the various maternal and fetal morbidity parameters in pregnancies complicated by heart disease and to find their incidence.3. To study the factors contributing to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality in cardiac disease.Materials and Methods: This prospective study on maternal and fetal outcome in pregnancies with maternal cardiac diseases was done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Govt. RSRM Hospital, Stanley Medical College, Chennai. This is a government referral centre for all the surrounding hospitals. The study was conducted over the period of 10 months from January 2017 to September 2017. All pregnant women diagnosed to have heart disease and admitted to the hospital for either safe confinement or terminations of pregnancy, any cardiac complications were included in the study. Pregnant women with heart disease and labour pain admitted through casualty are also included.Results: This study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Govt. RSRM hospital, Stanley Medical College, Chennai for a period of ten months from January 2017 to October 2017. A total number of 100 pregnant women with heart disease were included in the study.Conclusion: Heart disease is the most common non obstetric cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. It also has a major impact on neonatal outcome. Favorable outcome is noted in women with NYHA class I and II, avoidance of factors precipitating heart failure like anemia, infections, arrhythmias, regular cardiac follow up, strict adherence to cardiac medications.
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Sumathi et al. (2018) conducted an observational in Pregnancy with maternal cardiac disease (n=100). Maternal cardiac disease was evaluated on Maternal and fetal outcomes. Among 100 pregnant women with cardiac disease, rheumatic heart disease was the most common etiology (56%), and favorable maternal and fetal outcomes were observed predominantly in those with NYHA class I and II.
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