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Regular and robust Q-switched and mode-locked (QML) pulses are produced in Nd:GdVO4 laser by the integration of nonlinear mirror and semiconductor saturable absorber mirror. The threshold of QML operation is increased by putting the SESAM in laser cavity with large beam radius. The nonlinear mirror absorber can further increase nonlinear loss modulation of pulses to produce the stable and periodic QML pulses.
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Lin et al. (2008) studied this question.
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