Key result
Experimental inactivated CVB3 vaccine provides complete protection against lethal challenge in neonatal mice.
Why the study?
Coxsackievirus B3 causes severe diseases including myocarditis, pancreatitis, hepatitis, and hand, foot, and mouth disease, but no licensed vaccine is currently available.
An experimental inactivated CVB3 vaccine based on the KM50-W07 strain demonstrates strong immunogenicity and protective efficacy in a mouse model, providing a basis for future vaccine development against CVB3-induced diseases like myocarditis.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports preclinical CVB3 vaccine development; leaves open translation of maternal protection to human trials.
Background Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is an important pathogen associated with severe diseases such as myocarditis, pancreatitis, hepatitis, and hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), yet no licensed CVB3 vaccine is available. Methods In this study, four clinically isolated CVB3 strains were characterized to identify a suitable vaccine candidate. KM50-W07, belonging to the predominant genotype E circulating in mainland China and exhibiting robust replication in Vero cells (7.75 Log 10 TCID₅₀/mL), was selected. Results An experimental inactivated vaccine based on KM50-W07 induced high neutralizing antibody titers (9.00–10.58 Log₂) in BALB/c mice and demonstrated broad cross-neutralization against multiple CVB3 genotypes (7.00–9.58 Log₂). Maternal antibodies from immunized female mice provided complete protection in neonatal mice against lethal CVB3 challenge. Conclusion The CVB3 vaccine candidate strain KM50-W07, with high growth titer, good immunogenicity, and genetic stability, was successfully screened, providing an experimental basis for developing inactivated CVB3 vaccines for global and especially Chinese prevention and control efforts.
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Chen et al. (2026) studied Coxsackievirus B3 infection. Experimental inactivated coxsackievirus B3 vaccine (KM50-W07) was evaluated on Neutralizing antibody titers and protection against lethal CVB3 challenge. An experimental inactivated vaccine based on the KM50-W07 strain induced high neutralizing antibody titers and provided complete protection in neonatal mice against lethal challenge.
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