Review of cure of polymers and composites by microwave energy

The fundamental concepts of microwaves and their application as an alternative energy source for cure of polymers and composites are discussed. The mechanisms of interaction between electromagnetic waves and organic materials are described, and studies reported in the literature on microwave cure of polymers and their composites are discussed. Information is presented about materials, microwave applicators, modes of microwave energy application, and means of monitoring reactions. It is concluded that microwaves as the source of energy offer advantages over thermal cure but that a fundamental study of cure in the microwave field is necessary to fully assess their effect on the physical/mechanical properties of cured polymers.