Key result
Patient-specific carotid bifurcation haemodynamic analysis identified the internal carotid artery as a region of abnormal high oscillating shear index and relative residence time, independent of stenosis.
A novel methodology using Doppler ultrasound for 3D reconstruction and blood flow simulation can quantify hemodynamic disturbances in healthy and stenosed carotid bifurcations.
Should not yet inform carotid risk assessment; leaves open whether ICA-specific shear metrics predict events beyond stenosis.
The purpose of this paper is to complement the characterisation of patient-specific carotid artery bifurcation haemodynamics based on image data obtained by Doppler ultrasound imaging. A methodology for patient-specific 3D luminal surface reconstruction followed by structured hexahedral meshing of the volume and blood flow simulation is presented. Quantitative descriptors of the flow based on wall shear stress (WSS) are used to compare healthy and stenosed carotid bifurcation haemodynamic disturbances. Independently on the presence of stenosis, the internal carotid artery has been identified as a region of abnormal high values of oscillating shear index and relative residence time and low values of time averaged WSS. For the healthy carotid bifurcation, WSS descriptors manage to capture flow disturbances at the external carotid artery. This work addresses the lack of quantitative analysis on anatomically realistic stenosed carotid bifurcations.
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Sousa et al. (2014) studied Carotid artery stenosis. Patient-specific 3D luminal surface reconstruction and blood flow simulation vs. Healthy vs stenosed carotid bifurcation was evaluated on Haemodynamic disturbances based on wall shear stress (WSS) descriptors. Patient-specific carotid bifurcation haemodynamic analysis identified the internal carotid artery as a region of abnormal high oscillating shear index and relative residence time, independent of stenosis.
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