Key result
CFD simulations show ~8-fold higher maximum wall shear stress in stenosed versus healthy carotid arteries.
Why the study?
Sclerotic disorders from plaque build-up in the carotid artery can increase the risk of stroke, motivating an investigation into atherogenesis using haemodynamic parameters.
Patient-specific computational fluid dynamics modeling demonstrates that stenosed carotid arteries experience substantially higher wall shear stress than healthy arteries, particularly during the systolic phase.
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Stenosed carotid arteries show elevated wall shear stress in animal CFD models; hypothesis-generating and should not yet change clinical practice.
The carotid artery is one of the main arteries that provide blood to the brain and face.Sclerotic disorders resulting from plaque build-up in the carotid artery can increase the possibility of a stroke in a patient.This study investigates atherogenesis by carrying out a comparative study of the haemodynamic parameters in patient-specific carotid artery using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods.The 3-dimensional model of patient-specific arteries was extracted using their Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images via Materialise Interactive Medical Image Control System (MIMICS).The processing of arteries was carried out on 3-matic, a meshing software in MIMICS.The artery blocked due to stenosis was reconstructed using an open-source medical software '3-D Slicer', and was later refined using Meshmixer software.Analysis of Systems (ANSYS) Fluent, an engineering simulation software, was used for this analysis.The conclusions have been drawn by monitoring wall shear stress on the artery under two different non-Newtonian viscosity models.A maximum Wall Shear Stress (WSS) of 17 Pa has been observed for the healthy carotid artery whereas the stenosed carotid artery recorded a maximum WSS of 136 Pa.Further analysis is conducted on the topology of the carotid artery based on the concentration of wall shear stress within the artery.
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Hegde et al. (2022) studied Carotid artery stenosis (n=2). Carotid artery stenosis vs. Healthy carotid artery was evaluated on Maximum Wall Shear Stress (WSS). Computational fluid dynamics simulation revealed a maximum wall shear stress of 136 Pa in the stenosed carotid artery compared to 17 Pa in the healthy carotid artery.
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