Integrative Analyses of Genes of Pediatric Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Associated with Energy Metabolism

Figures

• 

  Fig. 1. The workflow of bioinformatics analysis

• 

  Fig. 2. Standardization processing of pediatric NAFLD dataset. A–B Boxplot diagrams of GSE185051 data set before (A) and after (B) normalization. The Y-axis represented the gene expression values (after log2 transformation). C–D PCA plots of GSE185051 before (C) and after (D) batch effect removal. E Volcano plot of DEGS between the NAFLD group and the Control group of the GSE185051 data set. F Venn diagram of DEGs and EMRGs in the dataset. G Complex numerical heatmap of EMRDEGs in the GSE185051 data set

• 

  Fig. 3. Expression difference analysis of EMRDEGs. A Group comparison chart of the expression difference analysis of EMRDEGs in the GSE185051 data set. The “value” on the Y-axis represented the normalized expression value of the gene. B–O ROC curve analysis results for ACSL4 (B), C1QBP (C), CACNB2 (D), CD36 (E), FOXO1 (F), GNG12 (G), HIF1A (H), PKLR (I), PPARGC1A (J), PRKAA2 (K), PRKAR2A (L), RAPGEF3 (M), SLC2A2 (N), UCP2 (O) in the GSE185051 data set. The symbol ns was equal to P ≥ 0.05, not statistically significant; the symbol * was equal to P < 0.05, statistically significant; the symbol ** was equal to P < 0.01, highly statistically significant; the symbol *** was equal to P < 0.001, very statistically significant

• 

  Fig. 4. GO analysis and KEGG analysis of EMRDEGs. A Bubble diagram display of GO functional enrichment analysis results of EMRDEGs. B–D Circular network diagrams of BP pathway (B), CC pathway (C), and MF pathway (D) in the GO functional enrichment analysis results of EMRDEGs. E–F The results of KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of EMRDEGs were shown in bar graphs (E) and network graphs (F). The ordinate in the bubble diagram (A) was GO terms, and the bubble color indicated the P. adj. value of the pathway. Blue dots in network diagrams (B, C, D, F) represented specific genes, and red circles represented specific pathways. The screening criteria for GO and KEGG enrichment items were P.adj. < 0.1 and FDR value (q.value) < 0.05

• 

  Fig. 5. GSEA of pediatric NAFLD data set GSE185051. A The GSEA of the GSE185051 dataset revealed five main biological characteristics. The X-axis represented the LogFC (Log2 Fold Change) value of gene expression changes. B–E The DEGs in the GSE185051 data set were significantly enriched in Biosynthesis of Unsaturated Fatty Acids (B), Glycolysis Gluconeogenesis (C), Omega-9 Fatty Acid Synthesis (D), Fatty Acid Metabolism (E), Hedgehog Ligand Biogenesis (F) pathway. The significant enrichment screening criteria for GSEA enrichment analysis were P. adj. < 0.05 and FDR value (q.value) < 0.25

• 

  Fig. 6. EMRDEGs PPI network. A PPI network of EMRDEGs. B–E MCC (B), DMNC (C), and MNC (D) algorithm top 10 node networks of the PPI network of EMRDEGs. E The top 10 node Venn diagram results of the four algorithms MCC, DMNC, MNC, and Degree in the EMRDEGs PPI network were displayed

• 

  Fig. 7. Hub genes mRNA-miRNA, mRNA-RBP, mRNA-TF, and mRNA-drugs interaction network. A–D mRNA-miRNA (A), mRNA-RBP (B), mRNA-TF (C), mRNA-drugs (D) interaction network of hub genes. The sky blue circles in the mRNA-miRNA (A) interaction network were mRNAs; the green circles were miRNAs. In the mRNA-RBP (B) interaction network, the sky blue circles were mRNAs; the orange circles were RBPs. The sky blue circles in the mRNA-TF (C) interaction network were mRNAs; the purple circles were TFs. In the mRNA-drugs (D) interaction network, the sky blue circles were mRNAs; the pink circles were drugs. RBP RNA-Binding Protein, TF Transcription Factors

• 

  Fig. 8. Immune infiltration analysis of pediatric NAFLD (CIBERSORT). A Histogram display of immune infiltration results of immune cells in the pediatric NAFLD data set GSE185051. B Correlation heatmap analysis results of immune cell infiltration abundance in the GSE185051 data set. C Correlation dot plots of immune cells and hub genes in the GSE185051 data set. The absolute value of the correlation coefficient (r) in the correlation heat map was strong if the absolute value was above 0.8; if the absolute value was 0.5–0.8, it was moderately correlated; if the absolute value was 0.3–0.5, it was weak; if the absolute value was below 0.3, it was weak or not relevant