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Cesium ions (Cs+) strongly intercalated in vermiculite clay (Verm) had been effectively removed using sea water for its free utility, totally environmental friendly feature, and within containing numerous salt by the hydrothermal treatment process (HTT), which can help significantly promote desorption by the cation-exchange mechanism in subcritical condition. >74–100% removal was achieved to the interacted Cs+ for a loading capacity of 4.8–50 mg g−1. XRD results indicated that cation exchange proceeded between the intercalated Cs+ and various cations in sea water during HTT.
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Yin et al. (2015) studied this question.
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