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Case report reveals human herpesvirus-6B as a rare trigger for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a child, highlighting the utility of metagenomic sequencing for diagnostic confirmation.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe inflammatory response syndrome. Common infectious triggers include Epstein Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, bacteria, and other pathogens. We report a case of HLH caused by human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) in a pediatric patient. Based on the HLH-2004 diagnostic criteria, the patient fulfilled 5 of 8 criteria, establishing a definitive diagnosis. HHV-6-associated HLH is rarely reported in the literature. The etiological diagnosis was confirmed through metagenomic next - generation sequencing, highlighting its utility in identifying underlying causes of HLH when the etiology remains unknown.
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Gao et al. (2026) studied this question.
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