Study of the Incidence of Post Operative Mortality after Emergency Laparotomy in a Tertiary Care Centre in Vindhya Region of Madhya Pradesh

Background: Emergency laparotomy is a common intra-abdominal procedure.Outcomes are generally recognized to be poor.Emergency laparotomy is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.Multiple factors are associated with post operative morbidity and mortality following emergency laparotomy.Early identification and aggressive treatment goes a long way to tide over the progress to a life threatening state Materials and Methods: 271 patients who got admitted through SOPD, casualty or transferred from other departments and underwent emergency laparotomy during the period of study were included in the study irrespective of the age and sex.Post operatively patients were regularly monitored and treated accordingly.Post operative morbidity and mortality was recorded and incidence was calculated.Results: The mean age of the patients in our study was 36.1 and standard deviation of 15.Out of 271 patients, 219 were males 52 were females.Most common etiology of peritonitis was Peptic perforation (35.4%) followed by ileal perforation (23.6%).Incidence of mortality was 13.20% in post operative period.Conclusions: Post operative morbidity and mortality continues to be significant following emergency laparotomies.This study confirms that emergency laparotomy in India carries a high mortality.The variation in clinical management and outcomes indicates the need for a national quality improvement programme.