Improving the mechanical properties of magnesium alloys using nano reinforcements

Magnesium nanocomposites (Mg NCs) have emerged as a new material for lightweight structural and biological applications due to the characteristic integration of nanoparticles. A significant enhancement has occurred in the mechanical characteristics like strength and ductility of the Mg NCs attributable to specific mechanisms, including grain refinement, interfacial bonding, and the suppression of crack propagation. This review focuses on the recent advancements in Mg NCs and the unique properties of nano-reinforcements with respect to the biodegradability of implants and the structural stability of load bearing components. The present review identifies several research gaps where galvanic corrosion and H2 gas evolution display primary concerns. Further, future research directions are made such as optimisation of hybrid reinforcement and sustainable production for different applications. The paper highlights the market viable potential of Mg NCs in the health and industrial sectors.