The leafhoppers and froghoppers of Australia and New Zealand (Homoptera: Cicadelloidea and Cercopoidea). Part 2

New genera and new species of Australian and New Zealand Cicadelloidea and a new species of Cercopoidea, described from Australia subsequent to the publication of 'The Leafhoppers and Froghoppers of Australia and New Zealand' (Evans, 1966), are listed.Particulars are given of changes in classification and nomenclature and of new knowledge acquired during the past decade.Two new genera of Eurymelidae are described (lposa, type species: Anipo fusca Evans and Relipo, type species: R. oenpellensis sp.n.); also a new species, Ipoella doug/asi.The classification of the Cephalelini is reviewed and, as a result, some described genera are removed from synonymy and re-described and two new genera described (Linacephalus, type species: Paradorydium michae/seni )acobi, and A/ocephalus, type species: Dorycephalus ianthe Kirkaldy).The first representative of the Myerslopiini to be recorded from Australia is described (Myerslopella gen.nov., type species: M. tay/ori sp.n.) and the antiquity of the tribe discussed.Other Cicadellidae described are as follows: Paradorydium narrabrensis, Austroagalloides moorei and Stenogiffardia gen.nov., type species: S. e/ongata sp.n. (Platymetopiini).j.W. EVANSThe New Zealand leafhopper fauna, thanks to the recent studies of Knight, is now, on the other hand, well known (Knight, 1973, b;1973, c;1974, a; 1974, b;1975).It is of interest to note, while extensive collecting in New Zealand and critical studies of the fauna have enabled the description of an abundance of new species, that no new genera have been recognized in the more ancient groups, each of which is still represented by only a single genus, four of which are endemic Novolopa (Ulopini), ParacephaJeus (Cephalelini), Myerslopia (Myerslopiini), Novothymbris (Thymbrini), Ze/opsis (Macropsinae)).for reasons given on pagelOOthe occurrence of the non-endemic genus (Paracepha/eus) in New Zealand is difficult to explain. THE SUPERfAMllIES Of THE CICADELlOIDEAIn Part I the Membracidaewereconsidered asone of the families of the Cicadelloidea.Recently, StrUmpel (1972) has proposed a system of classification whereby the Membracidae, Aetalionidae, Biturritidae and Nicomiidae, are associated together in a separate superfamily, the Membracoidea.While accepting the distinctiveness of this assemblage of closely related families, it has been suggested previously that it may be misleading to give the group superfamily terminology for this suggests equivalence of evolutionary status with the Cicadoidea and the Cercopoidea, while surely it is the common stem of the Membracoidea and the Cicadelloidea which has such equivalence?(Evans, 1975).Another possibility respecting the inter-relationships o{ the superfamilies of the Auchenorrhyncha is expressed in figure 1 .This is based on the currently widely supported, though by no means universally accepted, 'sister-group' concept of evolutionary diversification.While the association of the Membracoidea with the Cicadelloidea, as shown in the figure is undoubtedly correct, there is less certainty respecting the placing of the Cercopoidea as a sister group of the Cicadoidea and such an arrangement pre-supposes the persistence in time of all the principal branches of the Auchenorrhyncha.In other words, it assumes there have existed in the past no equally highly distinctive groups which have now become extinct.