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A discouraging aftermath of the clear-cutting of virgin forest in the Douglas-fir region of northwestern California is the enormous accumulation of waste slash. When loggers finish their work, they leave the ground cluttered and strewn with interlocking tangles of branches and tops of conifers, splintered trunks, shattered sections of bark, great piles of culled logs, and entire trees of madrone (Arbutus menziesii Pursh) and tanoak ( Lithocarpus densiflorus [Hock & Am.] Rehd.), uprooted or smashed.
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Lloyd Tevis (1956) studied this question.
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