Key result
Only 14.3% of adults in a semi-urban Nepalese population had ideal cardiovascular health, with age 45-54 years associated with a lower prevalence compared to age 35-44 years (PR 0.88; 95% CI 0.83-0.94).
Why the study?
The study was conducted to assess cardiovascular health status and identify factors associated with ideal cardiovascular health in a semi-urban population of Nepal.
Cross-Sectional (n=2,310)
No
Relative Risk: 0.88 (95% CI 0.83–0.94)
p-value: p=<0.001
The prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health is low (14.3%) in semi-urban Nepal, highlighting the need for population-based interventions to improve cardiovascular health.
Low ideal CVH prevalence in semi-urban Nepal; leaves open whether targeted interventions improve metrics in similar LMIC settings.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the status of cardiovascular health among a semi-urban population of Nepal, and determine factors associated with ideal cardiovascular health. METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional study using a systematic random sample was conducted among 2310 adults aged ≥ 25 years in a semi-urban area of the Pokhara Metropolitan City previously named Lekthnath in Nepal. The ideal, intermediate and poor cardiovascular health were defined as the presence of 6-7, 4-5 or 1-3 health metrics, among a list of 7 health behaviours and healthfactors, namely smoking, body mass index, physical activity, fruits and vegetables intakes, harmful alcohol consumption, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose. We used univariate and multivariate Poisson regression models adjusting for sex, age groups, ethnicity, educational level and socioeconomic status, and calculated the prevalence ratios with 95% CIs. RESULTS: Only 14.3 % of the participants had ideal cardiovascular health, whereas 67.0% and 18.7% of the participants had intermediate and poor cardiovascular health, respectively. Age groups 45-54 years (prevalence ratio 0.88, 95% CI: 0.83 to 0.94, p<0.001) and 55-64 years (prevalence ratio 0.84, 95% CI: 0.79 to 0.90, p<0.001) were significantly associated with low prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health compared with the age group 35-44 years. Ethnic groups, including Janajati (prevalence ratio 0.89, 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.93, p<0.001) and Dalit (prevalence ratio 0.9, 95% CI: 0.84 to 0.95, p=0.001), were significantly associated with low prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health is low in the semi-urban population in Nepal. Concerted efforts are needed to develop a population-based intervention to improve cardiovascular health in Nepal.
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Gyawali et al. (2019) conducted a cross-sectional in Cardiovascular health (n=2,310). Age 45-54 years vs. Age 35-44 years was evaluated on Ideal cardiovascular health (presence of 6-7 health metrics) (PR 0.88, 95% CI 0.83-0.94, p=<0.001). Only 14.3% of adults in a semi-urban Nepalese population had ideal cardiovascular health, with age 45-54 years associated with a lower prevalence compared to age 35-44 years (PR 0.88; 95% CI 0.83-0.94).
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