Key result
A new measure of fetal heart rate variability using the MUSIC algorithm and Doppler ultrasound was shown to be robust to input noise and variations in the angle of incidence.
A new MUSIC algorithm-based measure of fetal HRV using Doppler ultrasound is robust to noise and angle of incidence variations.
May enable reliable fetal HRV monitoring in noisy settings; leaves open prospective clinical validation.
This paper presents a new measure of heart rate variability (HRV) that can be estimated using Doppler ultrasound techniques and is robust to variations in the angle of incidence of the ultrasound beam and the measurement noise. This measure employs the multiple signal characterization (MUSIC) algorithm which is a high-resolution method for estimating the frequencies of sinusoidal signals embedded in white noise from short-duration measurements. We show that the product of the square-root of the estimated signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the mean-square error of the frequency estimates is independent of the noise level in the signal. Since varying angles of incidence effectively changes the input SNR, this measure of HRV is robust to the input noise as well as the angle of incidence. This paper includes the results of analyzing synthetic and real Doppler ultrasound data that demonstrates the usefulness of the new measure in HRV analysis.
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Fernando et al. (2003) studied Fetal heart rate variability. New measure of HRV using Doppler ultrasound and MUSIC algorithm was evaluated on Robustness to variations in angle of incidence and measurement noise. A new measure of fetal heart rate variability using the MUSIC algorithm and Doppler ultrasound was shown to be robust to input noise and variations in the angle of incidence.
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