Atypical Antibody Dynamics During Human Coronavirus HKU1 Infections

Figures

• 

  FIGURE 1. (A) Location of Nt-, Ct-, and linker (L)-domain of HCoV-HKU1 N as determined by pairwise alignment with HCoV-OC43, as well as the comparison of size between HKU1-NLCt and the HKU1-NCt antigen. (B) Multiple alignment of the nucleocapsid L domain of HCoV-NL63, HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-HKU1. The symbols below the aligned amino acid sequence represent the consensus symbol of amino acid residue at each position: asterisks (*) denotes fully conserved residue, colons (:) denotes amino acid residues with strongly similar property, periods (.) denotes amino acid residues with weakly similar property, and the absence of symbol denotes completely different property.

• 

  FIGURE 2. (A) V1-V2 Fold change in antibody values of 54 subjects with PCR-confirmed endemic HCoV infection, as assayed with ELISA with matched N antigen. For HCoV-HKU1-infections, both HKU1-NLCt (half-filled red circles) and HKU1-NCt (full red circles) were used for the N assay. Dotted line represents cutoff of significant antibody rise (fold change of 1.40 or higher). The NCt ELISA fold change values for all four endemic coronaviruses have been published previously Edridge et al. (2020). (B) V1-V2 Fold change in antibody values using matched S antigens for each HCoV infection in the S-Luminex assay. Dotted line represents the cutoff of significant S-antibody rise (fold change of 2.01 or higher).