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Experimental study reveals critical scaling and low-temperature excitations of superfluid helium-4 confined in porous Vycor glass, indicating modified thermodynamic behavior.
The superfluid density of ⁴He confined to porous Vycor glass has been determined from fourth-sound measurements over a temperature range from below 0.1 K to within 10 mK of the transition. For temperatures below 1.4 K the normal-fluid fraction can be described in terms of a roton contribution with gap ΔkB=5.85 K and a "one-dimensional," T², phonon contribution. Near the transition temperature, Tc=1.955 K, the superfluid density is found to vary as (Tc-T)^ζ with ζ=0.65±0.03.
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Kiewiet et al. (1975) studied this question.
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