An integrated bistable optical multivibrator based on two electro-optical directional coupler switches has been realised for the first time using Ti: LiNbO3 waveguides with two crossed feedback loops. The analysis and operation of the basic optical flip-flop are presented, and different feedback conditions and loops should provide other types of optical multivibrators, e.g. monostable and astable.
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Ito et al. (1979) studied this question.
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