Key result
In a rural African population, the prevalence of systolic inter-arm blood pressure difference ≥ 10 mmHg was 19.4%, and was significantly associated with hypertension (aOR 2.33) and diabetes (aOR 1.96).
Why the study?
Inter-arm blood pressure difference (IABPD) can cause underdiagnosis and poor management of hypertension and increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but its prevalence and risk factors in sub-Saharan Africa are unknown.
Cross-Sectional (n=1,505)
Odds Ratio: 2.33 (95% CI 1.77–3.07)
p-value: p=<0.001
Nearly one-fifth of adults in a rural sub-Saharan African cohort have a clinically significant inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference, which is strongly associated with age, hypertension, and diabetes.
May warrant inter-arm BP checks in African hypertension screening; leaves open whether it improves outcomes or requires prospective validation.
OBJECTIVES: Inter-arm blood pressure difference (IABPD) can lead to underdiagnosis and poor management of hypertension, when not recognized and are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. However, the prevalence and associated risk factors of IABPD in sub-Saharan Africa are unknown. This study aims to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of IABPD among Tanve Health Study (TAHES) participants, a cohort about cardiovascular diseases in a rural area in Benin. METHODS: The cohort was conducted since 2015 among adults aged 25 years and over in Tanve village. Data were collected from February to March, 2020. Brachial blood pressure were recorded at rest on both arm with an electronic device. Systolic IABPD (sIABPD) was defined as the absolute value of the difference in systolic blood pressure between left and right arms ≥ 10 mmHg. A multivariate logistic regression models identified factors associated with sIABPD. RESULTS: A total of 1,505 participants (women 59%) were included. The mean age was 45.08 ±15.65 years. The prevalence of sIABPD ≥ 10 mmHg was 19% (95%CI: 17-21). It was 19% (95%CI: 16-22) in men and 20% (95%CI: 17-22) in women. In final multivariable model, the probability of sIABPD ≥ 10 mmHg increased significantly with age (adjusted OR (aOR) = 1.1; 95%CI: 1.02-1.20 per 10-years), hypertension (aOR = 2.33; 95%CI: 1.77-3.07) and diabetes (aOR = 1.96; 95%CI: 1.09-3.53). CONCLUSION: Almost quarter of sample have a sIABPD ≥ 10 mmHg, with an increased risk with older age and hypertension and diabetes.
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Gbaguidi et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Inter-arm blood pressure difference (n=1,505). Hypertension vs. Without hypertension was evaluated on Systolic inter-arm blood pressure difference (sIABPD) ≥ 10 mmHg (aOR 2.33, 95% CI 1.77-3.07, p=<0.001). In a rural African population, the prevalence of systolic inter-arm blood pressure difference ≥ 10 mmHg was 19.4%, and was significantly associated with hypertension (aOR 2.33) and diabetes (aOR 1.96).
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