Large-amplitude, spatially modulated coherent high-frequency waves produce a change in the plasma equilibrium. The nonresonant wave-particle interaction is investigated and the local, time-independent Vlasov distribution function is found for the one-dimensional case to all orders in the electric field amplitude. For a critical value of the electric field amplitude at a fixed temperature, the distribution function exhibits "double hump" but the Penrose criterion shows that it is stable.
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V.B. Krapchev (1979) studied this question.
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