Key result
Female sex is a determinant of adenosine responses during fractional flow reserve studies, likely due to differences in microvascular function.
Why the study?
Does sex influence adenosine responses and microvascular function during fractional flow reserve studies?
Does sex influence adenosine responses and microvascular function during fractional flow reserve studies?
Sex differences in microvascular function affect adenosine responses during FFR, suggesting that diagnostic approaches to coronary artery disease may need to be tailored by gender.
May influence FFR interpretation by sex; leaves open need for sex-specific protocols pending prospective validation.
A number of studies consistently report higher rates of all clinical outcomes including postinfarction mortality, need for repeat revascularization, and reinfarction in women with cardiovascular diseases than in men. As well, the gender gap in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases decreases progressively with increasing age. Yet, the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases differ between genders and women remain underdiagnosed for coronary heart disease. In a recent retrospective analysis we showed that, along with vessel under study and age, gender is a determinant of adenosine responses during studies of fractional flow reserve, an effect that was probably due to differences in microvascular function and that influenced the interpretation of fractional flow reserve data. These data demonstrate that not only the clinical presentation is different, but also the diagnostic approach to coronary artery disease might differ between sexes.A gap still exists in the understanding of the mechanisms, awareness, and treatment of coronary artery disease in women, but also, as we show, in the application of diagnostic modalities that are well established in men.
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Orphal et al. (2016) conducted a review in Coronary heart disease. Female sex vs. Male sex was evaluated on Adenosine responses during fractional flow reserve studies. Female sex is a determinant of adenosine responses during fractional flow reserve studies, likely due to differences in microvascular function.
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