Experimental study demonstrates superior ethanol-sensing performance in mixed-phase iron oxide nanofibers, suggesting an effective design strategy for semiconductor gas sensors.
A process for synthesizing Fe 2 O 3 based on electrospinning and the hard-template method was proposed such that the crystal phase of Fe 2 O 3 could be tailored with precision. Mesoporous γ-Fe 2 O 3 , α-/γ-Fe 2 O 3 , and α-Fe 2 O 3 nanofibers could be fabricated successfully by changing the synthesis parameters. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analyses, Raman spectroscopy, and nitrogen adsorption–desorption analyses were used to characterize the structures of the synthesized products. The optimal calcination conditions for preparing α-/γ-Fe 2 O 3 nanofibers with the highest ethanol response were determined through ethanol-sensing measurements. The mixed-phase material exhibited a significantly higher sensitivity than the corresponding purephase ones. The superior ethanol-sensing performance of the α-/γ-Fe 2 O 3 nanofibers suggested that they may be suitable for use in alcohol sensing. Hence, a novel strategy for improving the sensing performance of metal oxide semiconductors is to assemble the different crystalline forms of the same metal oxide in one structure. Finally, the mechanism responsible for the sensing performance of α-/γ-Fe 2 O 3 being higher than those of γ-Fe 2 O 3 and α-Fe 2 O 3 was elucidated on the basis of data from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and resistance measurements.
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Yan et al. (2015) studied this question.
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