A technique is described for calibrating a dual six-port or four-port automatic network analyzer (ANA) so that the scattering parameters of two-port devices having any combination of connectors can be measured. The technique is a generalization of the “thru-reflect-line” (TRL) calibration technique in which the thru is replaced with a second length of precision transmission line. Expressions for errors associated with the second line are derived.
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Hoer et al. (1987) studied this question.