A Comparative Study of Wire Fixation and Screw Fixation in Arthrodesis for the Correction of Hallux Rigidus Using an in Vitro Biomechanical Model

BACKGROUND: Arthrodesis of the great toe metatarsophalangeal joint for osteoarthritis usually involves internal fixation. Ideally, the fixation method should be reproducible, leading to a high rate of fusion and minimal complications. METHODS: This biomechanical study compares circumferential wire and screw fixation methods of arthrodesis. RESULTS: The two arthrodesis models have remarkably similar limits of elastic and plastic deformation. However, in the screw, failure by permanent deformation occurs at a load six times higher than the wire. CONCLUSIONS: The use of circumferential wire fixation for osteoporotic bones in which screw purchase is poor is reasonable and for quality bone, screw fixation may be preferable.