In-vivo assessment of minerals substituted hydroxyapatite / poly sorbitol sebacate glutamate (PSSG) composite coating on titanium metal implant for orthopedic implantation

Currently, bio-mimetic material synthetic processes are involved in bone implant design which is closely related to natural bone. In this work, Zinc, Cerium and Selenium substituted hydroxyapatite/ Poly (sorbitol sebacate glutamate) (Zn, Ce, Se-HAP/PSSG, M-HAP/PSSG) composite was prepared by sol-gel method as a bio-mimetic materials for bone implantation. The physiochemical characterizations of M-HAP/PSSG was analyzed by Fourier transform infra red (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Then, the prepared M-HAP/PSSG composite was compared with HAP/PSSG, Zn-HAP/PSSG, Ce-HAP/PSSG and Se-HAP/PSSG composites in order to evaluate the influence of single minerals on HAP matrix. Then the coating ability of the final better M-HAP/PSSG composite on surface treated titanium (Ti) was investigated to evaluate the perfection of implant material. The higher micro-hardness was observed on M-HAP/PSSG composite coated Ti (305.92 ± 20.42) due to the presence of multi-minerals as well as the co-polymer PSSG when compared with M-HAP coated Ti plate (273.0 ± 15.75). The bio-compatibility and osteogenic activity evaluation of all prepared composite on human osteoblasts MG-63 cells shows that the better cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation was observed by M-HAP/PSSG bio-composites when compared with other composites. Histological staining and X-ray photographs of in-vivo rat model confirms that the formation of new tibial bone when the defected rat was treated with M-HAP/PSSG composite coated Ti implant. In conclusion, the bio-composite M-HAP/PSSG is better scaffold for coating on the surface of Ti implant for orthopedic implantation.