An Encryption Application and FPGA Realization of a Fractional Memristive Chaotic System

The work in this paper extends a memristive chaotic system with transcendental nonlinearities to the fractional-order domain. The extended system’s chaotic properties were validated through bifurcation analysis and spectral entropy. The presented system was employed in the substitution stage of an image encryption algorithm, including a generalized Arnold map for the permutation. The encryption scheme demonstrated its efficiency through statistical tests, key sensitivity analysis and resistance to brute force and differential attacks. The fractional-order memristive system includes a reconfigurable coordinate rotation digital computer (CORDIC) and Grünwald–Letnikov (GL) architectures, which are essential for trigonometric and hyperbolic functions and fractional-order operator implementations, respectively. The proposed system was implemented on the Artix-7 FPGA board, achieving a throughput of 0.396 Gbit/s.