Current Overview of Neurovascular Structures in Hip Arthroplasty: Anatomy, Preoperative Evaluation, Approaches, and Operative Techniques to Avoid Complications

Total hip arthroplasty is a common and relatively safe procedure with consistently good results. Despite its popularity and excellent results, THA is a major operation with several major neurovascular structures within reach of retractors, scalpel blades, drills, screws, and reamers. A thorough knowledge of their anatomic location and proximity to the operative field, along with a basic understanding of the principles of vascular surgery can help avoid potentially devastating consequences. Specifically, the surgeon should avoid placement of screws in the anterior-superior quadrant, be vigilant when placing retractors, and avoid excessive tension on the sciatic nerve.