A Novel Acylated Pelargonidin 3-Sophoroside-5-glucoside from Greyish-Purple Flowers of the Japanese Morning Glory

A novel acylated anthocyanin was isolated from greyish-purple flowers of a dingy mutant in the Japanese morning glory (Pharbitis nil or Ipomoea nil) with three known pigments as main pigments .This novel pigment was determined to be pelargonidin 3-O-[2-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(trans-4-O-(β -D-glucopyranos yl)caffeoyl)-β -D-glucopyranoside]-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), and the other three pigments (1, 2, and 4) were 3-sophoroside-5-glucosides of pelargonidin and peonidin, and peonidin 3-O-[2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(6-O-(β-D-glucopyranos ylcaffeoyl)-β -D-glucopyranoside]-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside.In addition, pelargonidin 3-s ophoroside and pelargonidin 3-glucos ide were als o detected as main pigments in two other mutants, duskish-1 and duskish-2, displaying pale-purple hue flowers.Recessive mutations of the Japanese morning glory (Pharbitis nil or Ipomoea nil) conferring dull colors can be classified into four alleles, dusky, duskish-1, duskish-2, and dingy. 1 In our continuing efforts to elucidate flower color variation due to the production and accumulation of anthocyanins in the petals of Pharbitis nil cultivars bearing various flower colors , 1 -9 we have reported the anthocyanin cons tituents of pigments in the dull color flowers, such as the maroon and slate flowers, of Pharbitis nil lines which are