Key result
An autopsy revealed that a 61-year-old man initially diagnosed with polyarteritis nodosa actually had aortic intimal sarcoma causing multiple arterial stenoses.
Case Report (n=1)
Aortic intimal sarcoma is a rare malignant tumor that can mimic systemic vasculitis such as polyarteritis nodosa, highlighting the importance of considering it in the differential diagnosis of vasculitis.
Consider aortic intimal sarcoma in refractory vasculitis mimics; single case leaves open systematic diagnostic evaluation.
A 61-year-old man had hypertension with stenosis in the left renal artery. When his fever, abdominal pain, and renal dysfunction progressed, he was admitted to our hospital. He was diagnosed with polyarthritis nodosa. His renal function rapidly deteriorated despite immunosuppressive therapy. His digestive tract perforated twice, and he subsequently died. An autopsy revealed that aortic intimal sarcoma caused stenosis in multiple arteries. Both polyarteritis nodosa and aortic intimal sarcoma are very rare diseases and the diagnoses are very difficult. It is very important to consider these entities when making a differential diagnosis of vasculitis.
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Toyoda et al. (2016) conducted a case report in Aortic intimal sarcoma (n=1). An autopsy revealed that a 61-year-old man initially diagnosed with polyarteritis nodosa actually had aortic intimal sarcoma causing multiple arterial stenoses.
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