Key result
Cardiac fat accumulation is associated with cardiac lipotoxicity, insulin resistance, and cardiac dysfunction, though the exact interplay among these factors remains to be fully established.
Cardiac fat accumulation is linked to insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, and cardiac dysfunction, highlighting its role as a marker of metabolic and cardiovascular risk.
Hypothesis-generating for cardiac fat as a cardiometabolic marker; leaves open causal mechanisms and intervention targets.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To evaluate the relationship between cardiac fat accumulation and insulin resistance. We discuss the current knowledge regarding the different techniques for measuring, in vivo in humans, cardiac fat deposition, the effects of systemic and myocardial insulin resistance and the clinical relevance of the relation between atherosclerosis and cardiac fat in conditions of insulin resistance. RECENT FINDINGS: In humans, fat accumulates mainly around the heart, as epicardial, perivascular and intrathoracic fat, but also inside the cardiomyocytes. All these cardiac fat depots have been shown to be markers of cardiac lipotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation and local and systemic insulin resistance as well as of atherosclerosis and cardiac dysfunction. SUMMARY: Although cardiac fat is associated with impairment in heart metabolism and cardiac dysfunction, the interplay among cardiac fat accumulation, insulin resistance and cardiac dysfunction remains to be fully established.
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Gastaldelli et al. (2012) conducted a review in Insulin resistance and cardiac fat accumulation. Cardiac fat accumulation was evaluated. Cardiac fat accumulation is associated with cardiac lipotoxicity, insulin resistance, and cardiac dysfunction, though the exact interplay among these factors remains to be fully established.
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