Fasciotomy for chronic compartment syndrome in the lower limb

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the success of fasciotomy of lower limb compartments with elevated intra-compartment pressure. METHODS: The present report is a retrospective cohort study at No. 3 Combat Support Hospital involving a survey and case note review of patients who had undergone fasciotomy for compartment syndrome at least 6 months earlier (December 1997-December 2000). RESULTS: Fourteen patients met the inclusion criteria. Eleven reported success with complete resolution of symptoms and return to military fitness levels. Two reported no change and significant residual symptoms. One reported worse symptoms and one required re-operation with a successful result. CONCLUSION: Surgical decompression is the accepted treatment of compartment syndrome as proven by pressure manometry, after failure of conservative treatment.