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Phenolic foam with nanometer pore structure and high strength was prepared by using a novel foaming method of phenol–formaldehyde novolac resin solution under pressure. Pore structure and the effects of pressure and resin concentration on it were investigated. Results showed that the mean pore size decreases from 800 to 30 nm with the increase of resin concentration from 0.08 to 0.36 g/mL. The pressure has a great effect on the pore structure and an optimal range (2.0–4.0 MPa) at which the pore size is small in level of nanometer and has a good distribution. The nanometer pore structure resulted in significant improvement of compressive strength and thermal insulation properties of phenolic foam.
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Lei et al. (2010) studied this question.
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