Key result
In a prospective analysis of 100 patients with surgical site infections following exploratory laparotomy, superficial infections accounted for 60% of cases, with prolonged surgical duration and diabetes identified as major risk factors.
Why the study?
Surgical site infections contribute to increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and healthcare costs, making identification of their risk factors crucial for improving clinical practices and preventive measures.
Observational (n=100)
No
Prolonged surgical duration, pre-existing diabetes, and inadequate prophylactic antibiotic use are significant risk factors for surgical site infections following non-traumatic exploratory laparotomy.
Supports targeted prevention for diabetes and prolonged procedures in tertiary settings; leaves open whether interventions reduce SSI incidence.
Background Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant concern in surgical practice, contributing to increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and healthcare costs. Understanding SSIs' incidence and risk factors is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to identify the various risk factors contributing to SSIs in a tertiary hospital, with the goal of informing better clinical practices and preventive measures. Methodology This hospital-based, prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery at Madha Medical College and Research Institute, Kanchipuram District, Chennai, India. Ethical approval was obtained, and patients aged 18 to 70 years who underwent non-traumatic exploratory laparotomy and developed SSIs were included. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, co-morbidities, surgical details, and postoperative outcomes were collected. Wound infections were diagnosed based on established clinical criteria, and microbiological analyses were performed on wound swabs. Results Out of 100 patients, 60 (60%) developed superficial SSIs, 30 (30%) had deep infections, and 10 (10%) experienced organ/space infections. Significant risk factors identified included prolonged surgical duration (55 patients, 55% affected), pre-existing diabetes (40 patients, 40%), and inadequate prophylactic antibiotic use (20 patients, 20%). The study reported an overall recovery rate of 95% among those treated for SSIs. Conclusion The study emphasizes the multifactorial etiology of SSIs, which leads to improved outcomes linked to SSIs, expanding preoperative assessment and suitable preventative measures before surgery, such as antibiotic prophylaxis.
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Koppolu et al. (2024) conducted an observational in Surgical site infections following non-traumatic exploratory laparotomy (n=100). Risk factors for surgical site infections (e.g., prolonged surgery, diabetes, lack of prophylactic antibiotics) was evaluated on Proportion of SSI types and prevalence of associated risk factors. In a prospective analysis of 100 patients with surgical site infections following exploratory laparotomy, superficial infections accounted for 60% of cases, with prolonged surgical duration and diabetes identified as major risk factors.
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