Key result
Brain-lung and brain-heart interactions lead to frequent pulmonary and cardiovascular complications in brain-injured patients, acting as major outcome determinants in critical care.
Why the study?
Extracerebral pulmonary and cardiovascular complications are frequent and major outcome determinants in brain-injured patients, with complex and interconnected pathophysiological pathways.
This review highlights the complex pathophysiological crosstalk between the brain, lungs, and heart in critically ill brain-injured patients, emphasizing the clinical implications of extracerebral complications.
Anticipate cardiopulmonary complications as key determinants in brain injury; leaves open targeted intervention trials.
Extracerebral complications, especially pulmonary and cardiovascular, are frequent in brain-injured patients and are major outcome determinants. Two major pathways have been described: brain-lung and brain-heart interactions. Lung injuries after acute brain damages include ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and neurogenic pulmonary œdema (NPE), whereas heart injuries can range from cardiac enzymes release, ECG abnormalities to left ventricle dysfunction or cardiogenic shock. The pathophysiologies of these brain-lung and brain-heart crosstalk are complex and sometimes interconnected. This review aims to describe the epidemiology and pathophysiology of lung and heart injuries in brain-injured patients with the different pathways implicated and the clinical implications for critical care physicians.
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Mrozek et al. (2020) conducted a review in Brain injury. Brain-lung and brain-heart interactions lead to frequent pulmonary and cardiovascular complications in brain-injured patients, acting as major outcome determinants in critical care.
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