Key result
In mixed cattle-sheep populations with at least 14% cattle, vaccination of cattle only is sufficient to reduce the reproduction ratio (R) of foot-and-mouth disease virus to less than 1, stopping transmission.
Why the study?
Does vaccination of cattle only prevent FMDV transmission in mixed cattle-sheep populations?
Does vaccination of cattle only prevent FMDV transmission in mixed cattle-sheep populations?
Vaccinating only cattle in mixed populations with at least 14% cattle is sufficient to halt foot-and-mouth disease virus transmission.
May support vaccinating cattle only in mixed herds ≥14% cattle to control FMDV; leaves open empirical validation before policy adoption.
We quantified the transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus in mixed cattle-sheep populations and the effect of different vaccination strategies. The (partial) reproduction ratios (R) in groups of non-vaccinated and vaccinated cattle and/or sheep were estimated from (published) transmission experiments. A 4 × 4 next-generation matrix (NGM) was constructed using these estimates. The dominant eigenvalue of the NGM, the R for a mixed population, was determined for populations with different proportions of cattle and sheep and for three different vaccination strategies. The higher the proportion of cattle in a mixed cattle-sheep population, the higher the R for the mixed population. Therefore the impact of vaccination of the cattle is higher. After vaccination of all animals R = 0·1 independent of population composition. In mixed cattle-sheep populations with at least 14% of cattle, vaccination of cattle only is sufficient to reduce R to < 1.
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Rueda et al. (2014) studied Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). Vaccination of cattle only vs. No vaccination or vaccination of all animals was evaluated on Reproduction ratio (R). In mixed cattle-sheep populations with at least 14% cattle, vaccination of cattle only is sufficient to reduce the reproduction ratio (R) of foot-and-mouth disease virus to less than 1, stopping transmission.
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