Key result
The ACE DD genotype was significantly more prevalent in Chinese patients with IgA nephropathy compared to healthy controls (P<0.05), suggesting it may predispose individuals to the disease.
Why the study?
Do ACE, AGT, and ATR gene polymorphisms predispose to IgA nephropathy or its progression to ESRF in a Chinese population?
Case-Control (n=212)
Do ACE, AGT, and ATR gene polymorphisms predispose to IgA nephropathy or its progression to ESRF in a Chinese population?
p-value: p=<0.05
The ACE DD genotype may predispose individuals to IgA nephropathy in the Chinese population, but none of the tested RAS gene polymorphisms prognosticate progression to ESRF.
Supports ACE DD as a potential susceptibility marker in Chinese IgA nephropathy; leaves open prognostic value for ESRF progression.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Individuals are prone to disease because of certain disease-susceptible genes. The angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D), the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene, M235T, and the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (ATR) gene, A1166C, polymorphisms have been associated with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and its progression. Several studies on Caucasians and Japanese patients have reported contradictory results. We determined these polymorphisms in 118 Chinese patients with IgAN and 94 healthy Chinese subjects to assess their clinical impact. METHODS: Genotyping was performed with DNA isolated from peripheral leucocytes, polymerase chain reaction amplification of the polymorphic sequence, restriction enzymes digestion, and separation and identification of DNA fragments. Clinical data at renal biopsy and final status on renal function were determined from patients' records. RESULTS: Comparing all IgAN patients with controls, AGT and ATR genotype distributions were similar, whereas there was a significant increase in the ACE DD genotype (P < 0.05). When comparing patients with end-stage renal failure (IgAN-ESRF) and those without (IgAN-nonESRF), there was no difference among the three gene polymorphisms. In contrast, there were significant differences in higher male prevalence (P < 0.05), increased serum creatinine at presentation (P < 0.05), more sclerosis (P < 0.01) and higher tubulointerstitial lesion score (P < 0.001) in the IgAN-ESRF group. CONCLUSION: Among the ACE, AGT and ATR gene polymorphisms, only the DD genotype may predispose the individual to IgAN in the Chinese population. None are significant for prognosticating ESRF.
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Woo et al. (2004) conducted a case-control in IgA nephropathy (n=212). Renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms (ACE I/D, AGT M235T, ATR A1166C) vs. Healthy controls was evaluated on Genotype distribution differences between IgAN patients and controls (p=<0.05). The ACE DD genotype was significantly more prevalent in Chinese patients with IgA nephropathy compared to healthy controls (P<0.05), suggesting it may predispose individuals to the disease.
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