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Lithium-ion batteries are not only popular for portable electronic devices, but also promising for electric vehicles. However, the current lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles have limited safety performances. Due to the inherently safe performances, titanium-containing oxides are regarded as promising alternatives to the traditional carbonaceous anode materials. This paper reviews the characteristics, the crystal structures and the improvements of several popular titanium-containing complex oxides, including Li4Ti5O12, Li2MTi3O8, MLi2Ti6O14 and Ti2Nb2xO4+5x. An insight into the future research directions for titanium-containing complex oxides is also provided.
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Lin et al. (2015) studied this question.
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