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September 8, 2026International Journal of Geographical Information Systems

Beyond geographical proximity: a graph-enhanced spatial weight matrix integrating attributes and spatial interactions

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Authors

QLQiuping LiYWYan WeiYZYang Zhou

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Overview

Methodological study reveals improved regression accuracy using graph-enhanced spatial weights in urban vibrancy modeling, indicating the value of incorporating relational dependencies.

Key Points

  • To develop and evaluate a graph-enhanced spatial weight matrix that integrates attribute similarity and spatial interactions alongside physical distance for spatial regression modeling.
  • Designed a graph convolutional network to encode attribute similarities and interaction patterns into learned contextual and relational proximity representations.
  • Combined the learned proximity representations with geographical distance using a multi-layer perceptron to formulate a spatial weight matrix within geographically weighted regression.
  • Assessed model performance through synthetic simulation benchmarks and an empirical analysis of urban vibrancy in Guangzhou, China.
  • Geographically weighted regression equipped with the graph-enhanced matrix consistently outperformed traditional spatial weighting methods across simulated test conditions.
  • Empirical modeling of urban vibrancy demonstrated superior estimation accuracy and enabled interpretation of how contextual similarity and human interactions shape local predictions.

Cite This Study

Li et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9fd82058e84d0ff5b4753fhttps://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2026.2727960
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