Relationship between serum omentin-1 levels and nascent metabolic syndrome in Caucasian patients with obesity

Introduction: Background and aims: omentin-1 might present a potential role in metabolic syndrome (MS). The aim of our investigation was to evaluate the relationship between omentin-1 and nascent MS. Methods: we carried out a cross-sectional study in 606 obese subjects. Adiposity parameters, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulin levels, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride and glucose index (TyG), lipid profile, C-reactive protein, omentin-1, and prevalence of nascent MS were determined. Results: 307 subjects had MS (49.2 %) and 299 did not show MS (50.8 %). Subjects without MS have higher omentin-1 levels (delta: 78.0 ± 13.8 ng/ml; p = 0.01). A negative correlation was observed between omentin-1 and adiposity parameters, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, TyG index and triglycerides in both groups. And a positive correlation was observed with HDL-cholesterol. BMI (OR = 1.17, 95 % CI = 1.09-1.31; p = 0.02), HOMA-IR (OR = 5.21, 95 % CI = 1.69-21.11; p = 0.01) and omentin-1 (OR = 0.95, 95 % CI = 0.94-0.97; p = 0.02) remained in the final model as predictors of MS. The cut-off point according to the Youden index was 372.45 ng/ml of omentin-1, to predict MS. Conclusions: Caucasian patients with obesity had clearly lower serum omentin-1 levels in the presence of nascent MS. An inverse correlation was demonstrated with adiposity parameters, insulin resistance and triglycerides. And a direct correlation with HDL-cholesterol was reported.