Key result
The fused trivalent vaccine elicited significantly higher IgG responses to all three viral antigens and higher neutralizing titers against HEV and RV compared to the mixed vaccine.
Why the study?
Does a fused trivalent subunit vaccine improve antibody and neutralizing responses against HEV, RV, and AstV compared to a mixed vaccine in a mouse model?
Does a fused trivalent subunit vaccine improve antibody and neutralizing responses against HEV, RV, and AstV compared to a mixed vaccine in a mouse model?
p-value: p=<0.01
A fused trivalent subunit vaccine against HEV, RV, and AstV elicits significantly stronger immune responses in mice compared to a mixture of the individual antigens.
Subunit vaccines for HEV, RV, and AstV merit animal studies; leaves open clinical translation for multivalent fecal-oral prevention.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV), rotavirus (RV), and astrovirus (AstV) are important pathogens that transmit through a common fecal-oral route, causing hepatitis (HEV) and gastroenteritis (RV and AstV) respectively in humans. In this study, we developed and evaluated two subunit vaccine candidates that consisted of the same protruding or spike protein antigens of the three viruses in two formats, a fusion of the three antigens into one molecule (fused vaccine) vs. a mixture of the three free antigens together (mixed vaccine). Both vaccines were easily made via E. coli expression system. Mouse immunization experiments showed that the fused vaccine elicited significantly higher antibody responses against the three viral antigens than those induced by the mixed vaccine. In addition, the mouse post-immune antisera of the fused vaccine revealed significantly higher neutralizing titers against HEV infection in cell culture, as well as significantly higher 50% blocking titers (BT50) against RV VP8-HBGA receptor interactions than those of the post-immune antisera after immunization of the mixed vaccine. Thus, the fused vaccine is a promising trivalent vaccine candidate against HEV, RV, and AstV, which is worth for further development.
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Xia et al. (2016) studied Hepatitis E virus, rotavirus, and astrovirus infection (n=18). Fused trivalent subunit vaccine (AstV P-HEV P-RV VP8) vs. Mixed trivalent vaccine (mixture of three free antigens) was evaluated on IgG responses and neutralizing/blocking titers (p=<0.01). The fused trivalent vaccine elicited significantly higher IgG responses to all three viral antigens and higher neutralizing titers against HEV and RV compared to the mixed vaccine.
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