Randomized Controlled Trials of Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Prevention

In Brief Observational studies demonstrate that women who exercise have a lower risk of developing breast cancer compared with sedentary women, but clinical trials are necessary to demonstrate a decreased effect of exercise on breast cancer. This review presents a rationale for randomized controlled exercise trials for breast cancer prevention and proposes a construct for designing such trials. Despite the challenges, randomized trials are needed to define the causal pathway between physical activity and primary and secondary breast cancer prevention.