Key result
Decreased gating fraction during fractional cardiac gating significantly increased deviations and standard errors of ascending and descending aorta flow measurements in normal subjects.
Why the study?
Does fractional cardiac gating improve the accuracy and precision of aortic flow measurements compared to decreased gating fraction or nongated measurements in normal subjects?
Does fractional cardiac gating improve the accuracy and precision of aortic flow measurements compared to decreased gating fraction or nongated measurements in normal subjects?
Fractional cardiac gating establishes a graded trade-off between flow measurement accuracy and precision with imaging time, highlighting that nongated measurements of pulsatile flow are unreliable.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Lower gating fractions increase aortic flow measurement errors in MRI; leaves open optimal protocols and clinical translation beyond normal subjects.
Velocity encoded phase imaging is subject to errors from phase and amplitude variations of the k-space data caused by beat-to-beat variations of the flow. Fractional cardiac gating is defined as asynchronous gating with each phase encode step occupying a fixed fraction of the RR interval. The gating fraction is the inverse of the number of phase encode steps taken per RR interval. Studies in normal subjects show that deviations and standard errors of ascending and descending aorta flow measurements are significantly greater with decreased gating fraction. Significant errors occur when gating does not separate systolic and diastolic data. The studies establish a graded trade-off between flow measurement accuracy and precision with imaging time, and show that standard nongated phase contrast measurements of strongly pulsatile flow are unreliable.
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Buonocore et al. (1994) studied Healthy volunteers. Fractional cardiac gating vs. Standard nongated phase contrast measurements was evaluated on Deviations and standard errors of ascending and descending aorta flow measurements. Decreased gating fraction during fractional cardiac gating significantly increased deviations and standard errors of ascending and descending aorta flow measurements in normal subjects.
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