The application of UHV surface analytical methods to the study of electrodes and surface layers may be affected by changes introduced by contact with the laboratory atmosphere. Therefore, a specimen preparation and transfer in a closed system with its specifications is described. Three examples of its application are discussed: the examination of the electrode – electrolyte interface on Cu and the study of the formation of passive anodic oxides on Fe and on FeCr alloys in 1 M NaOH.
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Haupt et al. (1986) studied this question.
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