Biosorption of methylene blue from wastewater using green olive stone-based biocomposites incorporating Bacillus sp. and Pleurotus eryngii : Kinetic and isotherm analyses
Experimental study demonstrates methylene blue biosorption using olive stone biocomposites, indicating their potential as low-cost agricultural waste biosorbents.
Key Points
To investigate the biosorption efficiency and mechanisms of green olive stone biocomposites functionalized with Bacillus sp. and Pleurotus eryngii for the removal of methylene blue from wastewater.
Synthesized two biocomposites (Bsp–GOS and Pe–GOS) by immobilizing Bacillus sp. and Pleurotus eryngii onto green olive stone biomass.
Characterized structural and surface functional properties using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX).
Assessed dye removal capacity under varying pH levels, contact durations, initial dye concentrations, and biosorbent dosages using isotherm and kinetic modeling.
Identified optimal biosorption at 60 minutes for both materials, occurring at pH 7.0 for Bsp–GOS and pH 6.0 for Pe–GOS.
Confirmed through FTIR and SEM–EDX that surface hydroxyl, carbonyl, and ether functional groups and porous morphological structures drive dye uptake.
Demonstrated that dye biosorption follows pseudo-second-order kinetics across both systems, with equilibrium data conforming to the Langmuir model for Bsp–GOS and the Freundlich model for Pe–GOS.