Key result
Multi-channel fNIRS revealed no significant difference in lateral hemodynamic changes between genders during cognitive tasks, supporting the idea that brain lateralization is an individual trait.
Why the study?
Is there a gender difference in brain lateralization during specific tasks as measured by fNIRS?
Cross-Sectional (n=11)
No
Is there a gender difference in brain lateralization during specific tasks as measured by fNIRS?
This preliminary fNIRS study found no significant gender differences in brain lateralization during hemisphere-specific tasks.
fNIRS may confirm absent gender differences in lateralization; leaves open validation in larger, diverse cohorts before clinical translation.
It has been thought that males tend to use their brain hemispheres more laterally than females. However, recent fMRI studies have shown that there may be no difference in brain lateralization between genders. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) presents a unique opportunity to acquire real time measurements of blood oxygenation changes to observe neural activity specific to the brain's left and right hemispheres. Using an in-house built multichannel fNIRS system, brain lateralization was observed from seven males and four females according to specially designed tasks for left and right hemisphere activation. The Pearson correlation coefficient and a modified Lateralization Index metric for continuous wave fNIRS systems were calculated to quantify brain lateralization. The preliminary results point to no significant difference in lateral hemodynamic changes between the genders. However, the correlation of symmetrical channel pairs decreased as the experiments progressed. To further develop this study, the subject's performance and the removal of global interference must be implemented for an improved study of brain lateralization.
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Phillips et al. (2015) conducted a cross-sectional in Healthy adults (n=11). Cognitive tasks (math and verbal) vs. Between genders (males vs females) was evaluated on Difference in lateral hemodynamic changes (Lateralization Index) between genders. Multi-channel fNIRS revealed no significant difference in lateral hemodynamic changes between genders during cognitive tasks, supporting the idea that brain lateralization is an individual trait.
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