Key result
The hepatic steatosis index accurately detected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with an area under the curve of 0.833, providing 88.7% sensitivity and 63.4% specificity at a cutoff >36.0.
Why the study?
NAFLD can progress to hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, making rapid and valid screening important to prevent disease progression.
Does the hepatic steatosis index accurately diagnose non-alcoholic fatty liver disease compared to abdominal ultrasound in adults?
Cross-Sectional (n=464)
No
Does the hepatic steatosis index accurately diagnose non-alcoholic fatty liver disease compared to abdominal ultrasound in adults?
Effect estimate: AUC 0.833 (95% CI 0.796-0.870)
The hepatic steatosis index is a sensitive, non-invasive screening tool that correlates well with ultrasound for detecting non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults.
HSI shows moderate diagnostic accuracy for NAFLD versus ultrasound; leaves open whether it can replace imaging in routine screening.
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate hepatic steatosis index (HSI) as a non-invasive tool in diagnosing and predicting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to compare it with abdominal ultrasound as the gold standard tool. Background: NAFLD is a general term attributed to the deposition of adipose tissue in the liver leading to hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and also hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Rapid and valid screening can remarkably prevent the progression of this disease. Methods: A total of 464 people were included in the present study based on inclusion criteria. Patients were evaluated for body mass index (BMI), AST, ALT, and ALP indices. The liver echogenicity of patients was evaluated by abdominal ultrasound technique. Results: The results showed that out of 464 people included in the study, 32.33% represented fatty liver. It was found that 79.1% of patients were female. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age. Furthermore, it was found that ALT, AST, and ALP levels were significantly increased in the two groups of patients compared to the control group. It was determined that out of 150 patients, 75.3% were grade I and 24.7% were grade II NAFLD cases; no grade III cases were observed. The mean HSI for the NAFLD- group was 35.51±5.72 and for the NAFLD+ group was 42.84±5.70, a significant difference. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve also showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of HSI was 0.833 (95% CI, 0.796-0.870) for detecting NAFLD patients. At the cutoff point of > 36.0, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) were 88.7% (95% CI, 82.5-92.5), 63.4% (95% CI, 57.9-68.5), 92.1%, and 53.6%, respectively. Pearson correlation showed a direct and significant correlation between ultrasound data and HSI values. Conclusion: Overall, the present study results showed that HSI as a non-invasive and non-imaging tool can diagnose NAFLD.
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Khani et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (n=464). Hepatic steatosis index vs. Abdominal ultrasound was evaluated on Detection of NAFLD (Area under the ROC curve) (AUC 0.833, 95% CI 0.796-0.870). The hepatic steatosis index accurately detected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with an area under the curve of 0.833, providing 88.7% sensitivity and 63.4% specificity at a cutoff >36.0.
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