A case of twin pregnancy with “precious fetuses” complicated by DeBakey type I aortic dissection

Aortic dissection during pregnancy is exceedingly rare yet life-threatening, presenting substantial risks to both the mother and fetus. Prompt diagnosis and intervention are critical for effective management. This report describes the case of a 37-year-old woman, pregnant with twins via assisted reproductive technology, who presented with sudden chest pain. Upon admission, she was diagnosed with a type I aortic dissection (DeBakey classification). Due to progressive fetal distress, an emergency cesarean section was performed, along with a simplified hysterectomy and aortic repair. Both the mother and infants were discharged in stable condition one month postoperatively. While the optimal treatment for acute type I aortic dissection in pregnancy remains controversial, this case demonstrates that aggressive surgical intervention, combined with careful perioperative management, can effectively safeguard the lives of the mother and fetus.